22 Discussion The purpose of this technical report is to present the evidence for the construct validity of the NACE Career Readiness Competencies. To that end, this report has detailed the theoretical underpinnings of the construct as well the methods used and results obtained during its development and validation. In summary, initial development of the competencies was undertaken by the first task force, and then refined by second task force when it added global/intercultural fluency. Following that work, the Career Readiness Project launched with SkillSurvey that moved the aspirational and conceptual definitions to more observable and measurable competencies. The third task force used the work of the Career Readiness Project in making its revisions, along with other sources of evidence, including public comments, empirical literature, and factor analyses. Taken together, the NACE Career Readiness competencies have been developed and validated iteratively, with input from various perspectives, and in concert with leaders from career services and talent attraction. Future research Future research on the NACE Career Readiness competencies will involve various approaches including ongoing behavior validation, examining differences in career readiness by in-person or remote experiential learning, examining the diversity, equity and inclusion implications, developing rubrics and assessments for career readiness, and linking career readiness with student outcomes. NACE will conduct analyses that examine differences in career readiness by a wide range of characteristics. NACE routinely asks students to what extent they think their experiential learning opportunity helped improve each competency. Thus, NACE can investigate if differences emerge between those who are in-person, remote, or hybrid, as well as a host of other differences including, but not limited to, gender, race/ ethnicity, age, and first-generation status. As well, through the data being collected through the Career Readiness Project in partnership with SkillSurvey, NACE and SkillSurvey will examine the differences between first-year students and seniors. One would expect that seniors demonstrate higher levels of career readiness than first year students. An analysis of these differences may demonstrate the discriminant validity of the competencies and its associated measures. More broadly, the partnership will seek to the further validate the construct by linking it with career outcomes, including for example salary, promotions, and career satisfaction.
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